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MEAT AND BONE MEAL PROCESSING AND PACKAGING; THE OPPORTUNITIES.
Any nation that wants to develop must look inwards to identify areas where it has comparative advantage over other nations and seek to develop the identified areas.
Apart from hydrocarbon of which Nigeria is the sixth largest exporter of crude oil and has the second largest known deposit of natural gas in the world, Nigeria also has comparative advantage in the Agricultural sector, where varieties of crops and animals are produced and reared respectively due to favorable climatic condition, good soil structure and the fact that over 70% of the entire land mass of the country is arable.
The equatorial maritime air mass along the coast influences the climate which is characterized by high humidity and heavy rainfall, while the tropical continental air mass in the North brings dry, dusty winds from the Sahara. The temperature varies considerably with the season, as does rainfall which is far less in the North. The main rains occur between April and October with average rainfall ranging from 2,497mm (100 inches) in the South to 869mm (32 inches) in the North.
Until the late 1970’s when hydrocarbon was discovered in commercial quantity in Oloibiri ,present day Bayelsa state , Agriculture remained the mainstay of the economy contributing over 90% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country as against the less than 40% it now contributes. Despite the prominent role of the Petroleum sector, Agriculture still employs about 70% of the entire population both formal and informal.
Though agricultural production in Nigeria has declined over the years factors like high unemployment rate, the crash of the stock market in Nigeria and the global economic recession is having a positive effect on the agricultural sector especially in the production of micro-livestock’s like poultry,snail,fish and goats. This renewed interest in agriculture has created a large and expanding market for animal feed in Nigeria that is estimated at over four million (4,000,000) MT annually.
Animal feed are required for the proper development of livestock and depending on the type of livestock and the stage of production of the livestock some of the raw materials required in animal feed production includes maize, whole wheat, oyster shells, bone meal, meat meal, blood meal, fish meal, Soya cake, groundnut cake, palm kernel cake and a host of others. Though the investor can make money supply the other products to the buyers around, the focus of this article would be on bone meal.
Bone meal is a mixture of crushed and coarsely ground bones that is used as an organic fertilizer for plants and in animal feed. As a slow-release fertilizer, bone meal is primarily used as a source of phosphorus.
As a fertilizer, the N-P-K ratio of bone meal is generally 4-12-0, though some steamed bone meals have N-P-Ks of 1-13-0. Bone meal is also an excellent organic source of calcium.
Organic fertilizers usually require the use of microbes/bacteria in the soil in order to make the nutrients in the fertilizer bio-available. That can result in irregular release of phosphorus/calcium. But in most cases, some meat can be deliberately left on the bone so that they can be processed for use in animal feed production and at such while bone meals are mostly used as fertilizers and meat and bone meals are most used in the preparation of animal feeds.
Meat and bone meal (MBM) is a product of the rendering industry. It is typically about 50% protein, 35% ash, 8-12% fat, and 4-7% moisture. It is primarily used in the formulation of animal feed to improve the amino acid profile of the feed.
Meat and bone meal has around two thirds the energy values of fossil fuels such as coal; the UK particular widely uses meat and bone meal for the generation of renewable electricity.
Nigeria, with a population of about 140 million is grossly underprovided with an essential food component, protein. For example, data from the FOS, CBN, and FAO indicate that from cattle, less than 2kg of beef is available to an average Nigerian per year and just mere 4kg of eggs per annum is available to each Nigerian. In fact, milk production has been nose diving or at best has remained constant since 1994.
This scenario is compounded more so when the volume of egg supply is very low, being 10.56g per person per day as compared with the usual recommendation that an egg should be consumed by an adult per day. This recommendation would imply a crate of 30 eggs per month. This story also holds for other meat products including, chicken.
To ameliorate this problem of low-level of protein intake, massive investment would be required in animal feed production which consumes about 70% of the cost of producing proteins of animal sources.
The market for animal feeds is large, expanding and sustainable hence driving the need for bone and meat meals and the materials can be sourced from abattoirs across Nigeria, processed and packaged and sold to willing, ready and able buyers. Both local and international buyers are interested in sourcing for quality bone and meat meals.
The investor can choose to with supplying the bone milling companies or start there own bone milling company and supply directly to the feed millers. Depending on the scale the wants to engage in, the business can be started with between N 50,000 – N 500,000.
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MEAT AND BONE MEAL PROCESSING AND PACKAGING; THE OPPORTUNITIES.
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